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KMID : 0806120090390050683
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대한간호학회지
2009 Volume.39 No. 5 p.683 ~ p.692
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Identification and Validation of Symptom Clusters in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Cho Myoung-Sook
Kwon In-Gak
Kim Hee-Sun
Kim Kyung-Hee
Ryu Eun-Jung
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Abstract
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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify cancer-related symptom clusters and to validate the conceptual meanings of the revealed symptom clusters in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey and methodological study. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (N=194) were recruited from a medical center in Seoul. The 20-item Symptom Checklist was used to assess patients’ symptom severity. Selected symptoms were factored using principal-axis factoring with varimax rotation. To validate the revealed symptom clusters, the statistical differences were analyzed by status of patients’ performance status, Child-Pugh classification, and mood state among symptom clusters.
Results:Fatigue was the most prevalent symptom (97.4%), followed by lack of energy and stomach discomfort. Patients’ symptom severity ratings fit a four-factor solution that explained 61.04% of the variance. These four factors were named pain-appetite cluster, fatigue cluster, itching-constipation cluster, and gastrointestinal cluster. The revealed symptom clusters were significantly different for patient performance status (ECOG-PSR), Child-Pugh class, anxiety, and depression.
Conclusion:Knowing these symptom clusters may help nurses to understand reasonable mechanisms for the aggregation of symptoms. Efficient symptom management of disease-related and treatment-related symptoms is critical in promoting physical and emotional status in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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KEYWORD
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Symptom, Cluster, Hepatocellular carcinoma
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